Building Permit

Most construction projects in Germany require a building permit (Baugenehmigung) from the local building authority (Bauordnungsamt). This applies to new buildings, extensions, major renovations, and changes of use. Small projects like garden sheds or interior modifications may be exempt, depending on the state building code. Since building law is a state matter, specific requirements vary across the 16 Bundesländer.

You submit a building application (Bauantrag) with architectural drawings, structural calculations, site plans, and specialist reports (fire safety, energy efficiency). The authority reviews compliance with the building code, zoning plans, and neighbour interests. A simplified procedure exists for standard residential buildings, typically taking 1-3 months. The full procedure for larger or more complex projects can take up to 6 months. Fees are based on the construction cost and vary by municipality.

Application documents

  • Building application (standardized form)
  • Construction drawings at 1:100 scale
  • Building description
  • Site plan at 1:500 scale (by certified surveyor)
  • Structural stability analysis
  • Thermal insulation proof per Building Energy Act (GEG)
  • Fire protection concept
  • Drainage planning

Procedure and costs

  • Submission to the lower building supervisory authority
  • Processing time: 1-3 months (simplified procedure) to 6+ months (full procedure)
  • Fees: 0.5-1% of construction costs (per state building fee schedule)
  • The building permit expires if construction is not started within 3 years
  • Neighbor consultation for projects near property boundaries